Bone loss begins to speed up for all girls of their mid-30s, so for those who’re beneath 50 and assume DEXA scans and bone density issues don’t apply to you—maintain up.
That is info you’ll need beneath your belt sooner slightly than later. Let’s discuss why.
What’s a DEXA Scan?
A DEXA scan (brief for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) is a fast, non-invasive check that measures the mineral content material of your bones to evaluate bone density and monitor adjustments over time.
Whereas it makes use of a small quantity of radiation, publicity is minimal—about one-tenth that of a chest x-ray and fewer than what you’d get from a single day of background radiation.
The scan takes about 10 minutes. You’ll lie on a desk whereas an imaging arm passes over key websites—mostly the lumbar backbone, hip, femoral neck, and wrist.
Why You Would possibly Want a DEXA Scan Sooner Than You Suppose
At this yr’s BHOF Interdisciplinary Symposium on Osteoporosis, girls’s well being researcher Dr. Amanda Clark stated plainly: “Ready till age 65 to judge skeletal well being is just too late.”
Why? As a result of girls start to lose bone quickly within the yr earlier than their last menstrual interval (the official marker of menopause), and that elevated charge of loss continues for about two years after. On this brief window, girls lose a mean of 10% of their complete bone mass.
For the reason that common age of menopause is between 45 and 55, a lady could possibly be dropping bone for 10 to twenty years with none consciousness or intervention.
Bone reworking—a wholesome, lifelong course of through which outdated or broken bone is damaged down and changed by new tissue—slows over time. By our mid-30s, bone resorption begins to outpace bone formation, leading to a gradual however regular decline in bone mass.
This loss accelerates throughout the menopausal transition, when estrogen—a key driver of bone formation—declines.
Whereas the CDC and the Bone Well being & Osteoporosis Basis (BHOF) nonetheless suggest a primary DEXA scan at age 65, many consultants are calling for up to date pointers that replicate rising proof: Girls profit from having a baseline scan a lot earlier. Quite a few danger elements already qualify many ladies for early screening—and insurance coverage will sometimes cowl the scan with a physician’s prescription indicating only one.
Methods to Get a Baseline DEXA Sooner
Insurance coverage sometimes covers a DEXA scan when osteoporosis danger is medically justified. With so many danger elements—starting from physique composition to medicines—most ladies are doubtless coated for early testing.
Under is a non-exhaustive record of danger classes that can assist you start a dialog together with your healthcare supplier:
Physique Composition & Demographic Danger Components
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Low Physique Weight / Slender Construct – Much less bone mass will increase vulnerability to loss.
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Race – White and Asian girls face a better danger of osteoporosis.
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Household Historical past – A guardian with osteoporosis or a fragility fracture raises your danger.*
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Fall Historical past – An inclination to fall will increase fracture danger.*
Even minor falls (from standing top or much less) that end in fractures ought to be thought-about pink flags. For instance, in case your mother broke her wrist tripping over a rug, that’s thought-about a fragility fracture—even when she wasn’t formally recognized with osteoporosis.
Hormonal & Reproductive Components
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Menopause-Associated Hormone Decline
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Early Menopause (pure or surgical)
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Amenorrhea / Irregular Menstrual Cycles
Dietary & Consuming Habits Components
Life-style Components
Illness-Associated Components
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Endocrine & Hormonal Problems (e.g., hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s)
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Gastrointestinal Ailments (e.g., celiac, Crohn’s)
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Autoimmune Situations (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)
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Most cancers
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HIV/AIDS
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Anorexia Nervosa
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Vertebral Abnormalities (e.g., scoliosis, unexplained top loss)
Medicine-Associated Components
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Glucocorticoids / ACTH
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Antiepileptic Medicine
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Most cancers Hormonal Therapies
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Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
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SSRIs (Antidepressants)
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Thiazolidinediones (for Sort 2 Diabetes)
Along with this record, on-line instruments such because the Worldwide Osteoporosis Basis Danger Examine, FRAX Fracture Danger Evaluation Device, and Garvan Fracture Danger Calculator may help estimate your osteoporosis and fracture dangers.
Can I Get a DEXA Scan if I Don’t Have Any Danger Components?
Sure—you may nonetheless select to get one. Out-of-pocket prices sometimes vary from $100–$250, and you may typically use HSA/FSA funds. Whereas it’s an upfront expense, take into account it an funding in prevention.
A baseline scan provides you information. And information provides you energy.
You should definitely name forward—not all imaging facilities provide self-pay DEXA scans with out a referral.
What Do My DEXA Outcomes Imply?
DEXA scan outcomes are sometimes reported as T-scores and Z-scores.
- The T-score compares your bone mineral density (BMD) to that of a wholesome 30-year-old grownup of the identical organic intercourse (thought-about peak bone mass).
- The Z-score compares your BMD to the typical of individuals your age and intercourse.
Osteoporosis is recognized utilizing the T-score. A decrease (extra destructive) rating signifies better bone loss:
Notice: Z-scores could also be extra helpful for figuring out secondary causes of bone loss in youthful girls and premenopausal populations.
- A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 signifies low bone mass (osteopenia).
- A T-score of -2.5 or decrease signifies osteoporosis.
Every T-score level roughly correlates with a proportion of bone loss. For instance:
- A T-score of -1.0 displays about 10% bone loss
- A T-score of -2.5 displays roughly 25% bone loss
The Backside Line
Given the wide selection of danger elements, most ladies are eligible—and clever—to get an early DEXA scan. Don’t assume your bones are wholesome simply since you really feel wholesome.
Speak together with your physician about your private danger profile and ask for a prescription to get a baseline scan. Out of your mid-30s on, bone loss is occurring whether or not you see it or not.
The excellent news? You possibly can gradual it down and even construct bone by participating in confirmed, proactive methods like progressive power coaching and affect coaching. And since peak bone mass is usually achieved by early maturity, we additionally must encourage the following era—our children and youths—to interact in bone-building actions now, so that they’ll have a stronger basis for many years to come back.
Hold lifting, leaping, and looking for sturdy bones at all ages. —Karin
References:
- Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention (CDC).(2024). DEXA Scans: Details and Stats. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-health/data-research/facts-stats/dexa-scan.html
- Nationwide Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Pores and skin Ailments (NIAMS).(n.d.). Osteoporosis. Nationwide Institutes of Well being. Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis
- Cosman, F. et al.(2024). Proceedings of the 2024 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Replace on the Administration of Osteoporosis and Uncommon Bone Ailments. Bone Reviews. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094695024000921
- Worldwide Osteoporosis Basis (IOF).(n.d.). Osteoporosis Sources and Danger Instruments. Retrieved from https://www.osteoporosis.basis
- Research of Girls’s Well being Throughout the Nation (SWAN).(2023). Bone Well being Reality Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.swanstudy.org/wps/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/SWAN-Reality-Sheets-Bone.pdf
- College of Alabama at Birmingham.(n.d.). Step 2: Bone Density Testing – Price. UAB Tone Your Bones. Retrieved from https://www.uab.edu/shp/toneyourbones/step-2-bone-density-testing/value
- Sidecar Well being.(n.d.). DEXA Scan Price: Price Lookup Device. Retrieved from https://value.sidecarhealth.com/c/dexa-scan-cost
- Florencio-Silva, R., et al.(2015). Biology of Bone Tissue: Construction, Operate, and Components That Affect Bone Cells. BioMed Analysis Worldwide, 2015, Article ID 421746. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/421746
- NIH Consensus Improvement Panel.(2001). Osteoporosis Prevention, Prognosis, and Remedy. JAMA, 285(6), 785–795. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.6.785
- Nieves, J. W.(2005). Skeletal Results of Vitamins and Nutraceuticals, Past Calcium and Vitamin D. Osteoporosis Worldwide, 16(7), 773–782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-005-1919-7
- Riggs, B. L., & Melton, L. J.(1986). Involutional Osteoporosis. New England Journal of Drugs, 314(26), 1676–1686. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198606263142605
- Krabbe, S., & Christiansen, C.(1984). Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Girls. Journal of Scientific Endocrinology & Metabolism, 59(2), 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-59-2-373
